"ܓܫܘܫܐ" meaning in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

See ܓܫܘܫܐ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ɡɑːʃoːʃɑː] [Standard], [d͡ʒɑːʃuːʃɑː] (note: Urmia)
Etymology: Inherited from Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā), as a phono-semantic matching of Proto-Iranian *gáwšah (“ear”) through the verb ܓܵܝܹܫ (gāyēš, “to touch”); hence also the verb ܡܓܲܫܸܩ (mgaššiq, “to stare”), Imperial Aramaic 𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀 (gwškʾ /⁠*gōšakā⁠/, “a Persian official: spy”) and Old Armenian գուշակ (gušak, “spy”). Also present in Hebrew גָּשׁוֹשׁ (gashósh) and borrowed into Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs) via Classical Syriac. Etymology templates: {{aii-root|ܓ ܫ ܫ}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|aii|arc|גָּשׁוֹשָׁא|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=gāšōšā|ts=}} Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā), {{inh+|aii|arc|גָּשׁוֹשָׁא|tr=gāšōšā}} Inherited from Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā), {{psm|aii|ira-pro|*gáwšah|nocap=1|nocat=1|t=ear}} phono-semantic matching of Proto-Iranian *gáwšah (“ear”), {{cog|arc-imp|𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀|t=a Persian official: spy|tr=gwškʾ|ts=*gōšakā}} Imperial Aramaic 𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀 (gwškʾ /⁠*gōšakā⁠/, “a Persian official: spy”), {{cog|xcl|գուշակ|t=spy}} Old Armenian գուշակ (gušak, “spy”), {{cog|he|גָּשׁוֹשׁ|tr=gashósh}} Hebrew גָּשׁוֹשׁ (gashósh), {{cog|ar|جَاسُوس}} Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs) Head templates: {{aii-noun|ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ|m-s|f=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ|pl=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ}} ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ • (gāšōšā) m sg (plural ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ (gāšōšē), feminine ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ (gāšōštā)) Inflection templates: {{aii-infl-noun/m|ܓܵܫܘܿܫ}}, {{aii-infl-noun|pl.1cp=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ̈|pl.1cs=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈|pl.2cp=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ|pl.2fs=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈|pl.2ms=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂|pl.3cp=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ|pl.3fs=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗ̇|pl.3ms=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ|pl.abs.=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈ܢ|pl.cstr.=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈|pl.emph.=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ|sg.1cp=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ|sg.1cs=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ|sg.2cp=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ|sg.2fs=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ|sg.2ms=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܟ݂|sg.3cp=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܗܘܿܢ|sg.3fs=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܗ̇|sg.3ms=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹܗ|sg.abs.=ܓܵܫܘܿܫ|sg.cstr.=ܓܵܫܘܿܫ|sg.emph.=ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ}} Forms: ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ [canonical], gāšōšā [romanization], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ [plural], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ [feminine], no-table-tags [table-tags], ܓܵܫܘܿܫ [absolute, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ [first-person, possessed-form, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ [first-person, plural, possessed-form], ܓܵܫܘܿܫ [construct, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܟ݂ [masculine, possessed-form, second-person, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ [feminine, possessed-form, second-person, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ [plural, possessed-form, second-person], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ [emphatic, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹܗ [masculine, possessed-form, singular, third-person], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܗ̇ [feminine, possessed-form, singular, third-person], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܗܘܿܢ [plural, possessed-form, third-person], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈ܢ [absolute, plural], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈ [first-person, possessed-form, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ̈ [first-person, plural, possessed-form], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈ [construct, plural], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂ [masculine, possessed-form, second-person, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈ [feminine, possessed-form, second-person, singular], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ [plural, possessed-form, second-person], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ [emphatic, plural], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ [masculine, possessed-form, singular, third-person], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗ̇ [feminine, possessed-form, singular, third-person], ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ [plural, possessed-form, third-person]
  1. spy
    Sense id: en-ܓܫܘܫܐ-aii-noun-V9SqN3JQ
  2. scout, searcher, explorer
    Sense id: en-ܓܫܘܫܐ-aii-noun-1N9yuTBL Categories (other): Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic links with redundant alt parameters, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms belonging to the root ܓ ܫ ܫ, Classical Syriac entries with incorrect language header, Classical Syriac terms belonging to the root ܓ ܫ ܫ, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Occupations Disambiguation of Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header: 15 85 Disambiguation of Assyrian Neo-Aramaic links with redundant alt parameters: 17 83 Disambiguation of Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms belonging to the root ܓ ܫ ܫ: 20 80 Disambiguation of Classical Syriac entries with incorrect language header: 4 39 4 39 15 Disambiguation of Classical Syriac terms belonging to the root ܓ ܫ ܫ: 6 34 6 34 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 9 30 9 30 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 9 30 9 30 22 Disambiguation of Occupations: 7 93
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (gāšōšūṯā)
Categories (other): Espionage Disambiguation of Espionage: 0 0
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "aii",
      "name": "Espionage",
      "orig": "aii:Espionage",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "gāšōšūṯā",
      "word": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܓ ܫ ܫ"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "aii-root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "גָּשׁוֹשָׁא",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "gāšōšā",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "גָּשׁוֹשָׁא",
        "tr": "gāšōšā"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*gáwšah",
        "nocap": "1",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t": "ear"
      },
      "expansion": "phono-semantic matching of Proto-Iranian *gáwšah (“ear”)",
      "name": "psm"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "arc-imp",
        "2": "𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀",
        "t": "a Persian official: spy",
        "tr": "gwškʾ",
        "ts": "*gōšakā"
      },
      "expansion": "Imperial Aramaic 𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀 (gwškʾ /⁠*gōšakā⁠/, “a Persian official: spy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "գուշակ",
        "t": "spy"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian գուշակ (gušak, “spy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "גָּשׁוֹשׁ",
        "tr": "gashósh"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew גָּשׁוֹשׁ (gashósh)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "جَاسُوس"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā), as a phono-semantic matching of Proto-Iranian *gáwšah (“ear”) through the verb ܓܵܝܹܫ (gāyēš, “to touch”); hence also the verb ܡܓܲܫܸܩ (mgaššiq, “to stare”), Imperial Aramaic 𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀 (gwškʾ /⁠*gōšakā⁠/, “a Persian official: spy”) and Old Armenian գուշակ (gušak, “spy”). Also present in Hebrew גָּשׁוֹשׁ (gashósh) and borrowed into Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs) via Classical Syriac.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gāšōšā",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ",
      "roman": "gāšōšē",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ",
      "roman": "gāšōštā",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aii-infl-noun/m",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ",
      "roman": "gāšōš",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ",
      "roman": "gāšōšī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ",
      "roman": "gāšōš",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܟ݂",
      "roman": "gāšōšōḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ",
      "roman": "gāšōšāḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšawḵōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ",
      "roman": "gāšōšā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹܗ",
      "roman": "gāšōšēh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܗ̇",
      "roman": "gāšōšāh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܗܘܿܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšhōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈ܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈",
      "roman": "gāšōšī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ̈",
      "roman": "gāšōšan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈",
      "roman": "gāšōšay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂",
      "roman": "gāšōšōḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈",
      "roman": "gāšōšāḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšawḵōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ",
      "roman": "gāšōšē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ",
      "roman": "gāšōšūh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗ̇",
      "roman": "gāšōšōh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšayhōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ",
        "2": "m-s",
        "f": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ",
        "pl": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ"
      },
      "expansion": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ • (gāšōšā) m sg (plural ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ (gāšōšē), feminine ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ (gāšōštā))",
      "name": "aii-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ"
      },
      "name": "aii-infl-noun/m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl.1cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ̈",
        "pl.1cs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈",
        "pl.2cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
        "pl.2fs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈",
        "pl.2ms": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂",
        "pl.3cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ",
        "pl.3fs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗ̇",
        "pl.3ms": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ",
        "pl.abs.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈ܢ",
        "pl.cstr.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈",
        "pl.emph.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ",
        "sg.1cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ",
        "sg.1cs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ",
        "sg.2cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
        "sg.2fs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ",
        "sg.2ms": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܟ݂",
        "sg.3cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܗܘܿܢ",
        "sg.3fs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܗ̇",
        "sg.3ms": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹܗ",
        "sg.abs.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ",
        "sg.cstr.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ",
        "sg.emph.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ"
      },
      "name": "aii-infl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
  "lang_code": "aii",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "spy"
      ],
      "id": "en-ܓܫܘܫܐ-aii-noun-V9SqN3JQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "spy",
          "spy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 85",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms belonging to the root ܓ ܫ ܫ",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 39 4 39 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Classical Syriac entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 34 6 34 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Classical Syriac terms belonging to the root ܓ ܫ ܫ",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 30 9 30 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 30 9 30 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "aii",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "aii:Occupations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "scout, searcher, explorer"
      ],
      "id": "en-ܓܫܘܫܐ-aii-noun-1N9yuTBL",
      "links": [
        [
          "scout",
          "scout"
        ],
        [
          "searcher",
          "searcher"
        ],
        [
          "explorer",
          "explorer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɑːʃoːʃɑː]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d͡ʒɑːʃuːʃɑː]",
      "note": "Urmia"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ܓܫܘܫܐ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic masculine nouns",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic nouns",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms belonging to the root ܓ ܫ ܫ",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Aramaic",
    "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms inherited from Aramaic",
    "Classical Syriac entries with incorrect language header",
    "Classical Syriac lemmas",
    "Classical Syriac masculine nouns",
    "Classical Syriac nouns",
    "Classical Syriac semantic loans from Middle Iranian languages",
    "Classical Syriac terms belonging to the root ܓ ܫ ܫ",
    "Classical Syriac terms derived from Middle Iranian languages",
    "Classical Syriac terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "aii:Espionage",
    "aii:Occupations",
    "syc:Espionage",
    "syc:Occupations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "gāšōšūṯā",
      "word": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܓ ܫ ܫ"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "aii-root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "גָּשׁוֹשָׁא",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "gāšōšā",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "arc",
        "3": "גָּשׁוֹשָׁא",
        "tr": "gāšōšā"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aii",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*gáwšah",
        "nocap": "1",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t": "ear"
      },
      "expansion": "phono-semantic matching of Proto-Iranian *gáwšah (“ear”)",
      "name": "psm"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "arc-imp",
        "2": "𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀",
        "t": "a Persian official: spy",
        "tr": "gwškʾ",
        "ts": "*gōšakā"
      },
      "expansion": "Imperial Aramaic 𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀 (gwškʾ /⁠*gōšakā⁠/, “a Persian official: spy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "գուշակ",
        "t": "spy"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian գուշակ (gušak, “spy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "גָּשׁוֹשׁ",
        "tr": "gashósh"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew גָּשׁוֹשׁ (gashósh)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "جَاسُوس"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Aramaic גָּשׁוֹשָׁא (gāšōšā), as a phono-semantic matching of Proto-Iranian *gáwšah (“ear”) through the verb ܓܵܝܹܫ (gāyēš, “to touch”); hence also the verb ܡܓܲܫܸܩ (mgaššiq, “to stare”), Imperial Aramaic 𐡂𐡅𐡔𐡊𐡀 (gwškʾ /⁠*gōšakā⁠/, “a Persian official: spy”) and Old Armenian գուշակ (gušak, “spy”). Also present in Hebrew גָּשׁוֹשׁ (gashósh) and borrowed into Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs) via Classical Syriac.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gāšōšā",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ",
      "roman": "gāšōšē",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ",
      "roman": "gāšōštā",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aii-infl-noun/m",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ",
      "roman": "gāšōš",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ",
      "roman": "gāšōšī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ",
      "roman": "gāšōš",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܟ݂",
      "roman": "gāšōšōḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ",
      "roman": "gāšōšāḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšawḵōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ",
      "roman": "gāšōšā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹܗ",
      "roman": "gāšōšēh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܗ̇",
      "roman": "gāšōšāh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܗܘܿܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšhōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈ܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈",
      "roman": "gāšōšī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ̈",
      "roman": "gāšōšan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈",
      "roman": "gāšōšay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "construct",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂",
      "roman": "gāšōšōḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈",
      "roman": "gāšōšāḵ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšawḵōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ",
      "roman": "gāšōšē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ",
      "roman": "gāšōšūh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗ̇",
      "roman": "gāšōšōh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessed-form",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ",
      "roman": "gāšōšayhōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-form",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ",
        "2": "m-s",
        "f": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ",
        "pl": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ"
      },
      "expansion": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ • (gāšōšā) m sg (plural ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ (gāšōšē), feminine ܓܵܫܘܿܫܬܵܐ (gāšōštā))",
      "name": "aii-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ"
      },
      "name": "aii-infl-noun/m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl.1cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ̈",
        "pl.1cs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈",
        "pl.2cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
        "pl.2fs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ̈",
        "pl.2ms": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܟ݂",
        "pl.3cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ",
        "pl.3fs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗ̇",
        "pl.3ms": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼ̈ܗܝ",
        "pl.abs.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ̈ܢ",
        "pl.cstr.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܝ̈",
        "pl.emph.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹ̈ܐ",
        "sg.1cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܢ",
        "sg.1cs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܝܼ",
        "sg.2cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ",
        "sg.2fs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܟ݂ܝ",
        "sg.2ms": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܘܼܟ݂",
        "sg.3cp": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܗܘܿܢ",
        "sg.3fs": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܗ̇",
        "sg.3ms": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܹܗ",
        "sg.abs.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ",
        "sg.cstr.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫ",
        "sg.emph.": "ܓܵܫܘܿܫܵܐ"
      },
      "name": "aii-infl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
  "lang_code": "aii",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "spy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spy",
          "spy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scout, searcher, explorer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scout",
          "scout"
        ],
        [
          "searcher",
          "searcher"
        ],
        [
          "explorer",
          "explorer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɑːʃoːʃɑː]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d͡ʒɑːʃuːʃɑː]",
      "note": "Urmia"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ܓܫܘܫܐ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ܓܫܘܫܐ meaning in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (7.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Assyrian Neo-Aramaic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.